Bearing

As the basic accessory of the machine tool, the spindle bearing directly affects the speed, rotation accuracy, rigidity, anti-shake vibration cutting performance, noise, temperature rise and thermal deformation of the machine tool, which affects the precision and surface quality of the machined parts. Therefore, high-performance machines must be equipped with high-performance bearings.

The accuracy of rolling bearings is generally divided into five grades: P0, P6, P5, P4 and P2. The accuracy of bearings used on precision machine tool spindles should be P5 and above, and for high-speed, high-precision machine tools such as CNC machine tools and machining centers. For the spindle support, P4 and above super precision bearings are required.

Spindle bearings for machine tools usually include six types of construction: deep groove ball bearings, angular contact ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, two-way thrust angular contact ball bearings, tapered roller bearings and thrust bearings.

High-speed machining can effectively improve the machining efficiency of the machine tool and shorten the machining cycle of the workpiece. This requires the machine tool spindle and its related components to meet the needs of high-speed machining. At present, CNC machine tool spindle bearings are basically limited to four types of structural types: angular contact ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, two-way thrust angular contact ball bearings and tapered roller bearings.

In addition to the high-precision lead screw, nut and ball, the ball screw should also be used with bearings with high axial stiffness, low friction torque and high running precision. At present, the ball screw support adopts the single-row thrust angular contact ball bearing with the most contact angle of 60°, and the precision grade is also the rolling bearing mounted on the general drive shaft for the machine tool. The requirements and selection are the same as those of the ordinary mechanical transmission bearing. It only needs to meet the strength and life requirements, and the speed does not exceed the specified bearing limit speed.

Under normal circumstances, the machine tool bearings we refer to refer to machine tool spindle bearings and ball screw bearings, and precision machine tool bearings refer to spindle bearings and screw bearings with accuracy of P5 and above.
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